TeX Document (.tex)
TEX is the file extension for TeX documents, a typesetting system used for creating professional-quality documents, primarily in academic and technical fields. It was developed by Donald Knuth in the late 1970s to improve the appearance of mathematical and scientific papers. TeX is known for its precision and ability to handle complex formatting. LaTeX, built on top of TeX, simplifies document creation by providing a set of macros and templates for common document structures, making it easier to produce consistent, high-quality output.