Lamport TeX Document (.latex)
LaTeX, short for "Lamport TeX", is a typesetting system widely used for producing scientific and mathematical documents due to its powerful handling of formulas and bibliographies. LaTeX files contain plain text formatted with LaTeX markup language, which then gets processed to produce high-quality PDFs. Originating from Donald Knuth's TeX system in the late 1970s, LaTeX was further developed by Leslie Lamport in the 1980s to simplify document preparation. It remains essential in academia and research for creating complex documents with precision and clarity.